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Parametric process (optics)
A parametric process is an optical process in which light interacts with matter in such a way as to leave the quantum state of the material unchanged. As a direct consequence of this there can be no net transfer of energy, momentum, or angular momentum between the optical field and the physical system. In contrast a non-parametric process is a process in which any part of the quantum state of the system changes.〔See Section ''Parametric versus Nonparametric Processes,'' Nonlinear Optics by Robert W. Boyd (3rd ed.), pp. 13-15.〕
==Temporal characteristics==
Since a parametric process prohibits a net change in the energy state of the system, parametric processes are considered to be 'instantaneous' processes. This can be seen as follows: if an atom absorbs a photon with energy E, the atom's energy will increase by ΔE = E. Since we are assuming this is a parametric process, the quantum state cannot change and thus this energy state must be a virtual state. By the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle we know that ΔEΔt~ħ/2, thus the lifetime of a parametric process is roughly Δt~ħ/2ΔE, which is appreciably small for any non-zero ΔE.〔
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